Breast cancer in younger women, especially those under 50, can sometimes be driven by factors other than hormones. Two common types in this group are HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancers. Historically, these cancers had a poorer prognosis, but advances in treatment have significantly improved outcomes.

Today, preoperative (neoadjuvant) treatment—therapy given before surgery—is often the best approach for these cancers. This strategy not only increases the chance of successful surgery but also reduces the risk of the cancer returning. Immune therapy, an important part of treatment for triple-negative breast cancer, is far more effective when given before surgery rather than afterward.

In Australia, most breast cancer cases are discussed at specialist multidisciplinary team meetings to determine the best treatment plan. For certain aggressive types like triple-negative breast cancer, surgery may not be the first step unless the tumor is very small. Instead, preoperative systemic treatment is usually recommended.

Key message:
If you are a younger woman diagnosed with breast cancer, it is crucial to consult a medical oncologist before seeing a surgeon. This ensures you receive the most appropriate treatment plan, which may include preoperative therapy to improve your chances of long-term survival.